
lGLinux Quota mini-HOWTO
ɮױԭzGϺЪŶ²ϥλ
½ĶG1996/09/20  1997/10/21
½Ķ@G[1]asdchen@ms1.hinet.net
    qG[2]cwhuang@phys.ntu.edu.tw   (1997/10/21)

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pb Linux WҰ Quota

s: Fri Aug 8 09:45:05 HKT 1997

Ǩ: o󪺪v Albert M.C. Tam ([3]bertie@scn.org) ҫOdC
PNo󪺨ϥΡBƻsA]Dӷ~ʪO\AOҦ
HΡάOSק諾ΪW@̻Ps̪Wrγo
`NƶCoO]Ʊ঳UӴAtdA
L׬OժtCMTwo̪TTʪҦ
u@FA@̡s̡@̹~AάO]ϥγoҧt
Tӳy󷴷lGSdC

oyzpb Linux  DWҥɮרtΪ quota A ϥΪ
w quota  AHΨ䥦 quota  OΪkCAΰ 2.x  ֤
ϥΪ̡]̪b Red Hat 4.1 ֤ 2.0.27  WչL^Cĳª
ߪϥΪ̶isC

pGAo{䤤~AΪ̬O|FTAФnbNṈH
[4]bertie@scn.orgCڷ|ܷPE!

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O Quota?

  Quota AiHq譱wϺЪxs: ϥΪ̩үt
  `I(inodes)ƶqFHΨϥΪ̥iHΪϺа϶ƶqC

  Quota I᪺tNOjϥΪ̦bjɶObL̪ϺШϥ
  UAL̦btΤWLaϥκϺЪŶOC

  Quota OHC@ϥΪ̡AC@ɮרtά¦DpGϥΪ̥ibWL
  @ӥHWɮרtΤWإɮסA򥲶bC@ɮרtΤWO]w
  quotaD


Quota ثeb Linux  Wp

  Quota 䴩ڧکҪ۱q 1.3.8x }lwgX֤ߤAӥB
  ]b 2.0  ֤߸̡CpGAtΤ䴩 quota  ګĳAӦ
  sC

  ثeAquota ub ext2  ɮרtΤWB@C


b Linux Wϥ Quota ݨD

֤

2.x ֤ߥiHqǫo

     [5]http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0

Quota n

  ݵA Linux  oMөwAbAtΤWiwg˦n]iS
  quota nCquota n骺l{XiHqǫo

     [6]ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/subsystems/quota/all.tar.gz

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b Linux  W]w quota -  Ĥ@: tm

1.  tmA֤

  stmA֤ߨåBoӿﶵ^ y  H[J quota  䴩:

     Quota support (CONFIG_QUOTA) [n] y

2.  sĶæw quota n

  Quota n骺l{XiHqǫo

     [7]ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/subsystems/quota/all.tar.gz

3.  קAtΪҰʫOZHˬd quota  åBbҰʮɴ} quota

  o̦ӽd:

        # Check quota and then turn quota on.
        if [ -x /usr/sbin/quotacheck ]
        then
                echo "Checking quotas. This may take some time."
                /usr/sbin/quotacheck -avug
                echo " Done."
        fi

        if [ -x /usr/sbin/quotaon ]
        then
                echo "Turning on quota."
                /usr/sbin/quotaon -avug
        fi

  ܪWhOûonbJA /etc/fstab ̪ɮרtΡᡯ
  } quota A _h quota  N|B@CګĳbAtΪҰʫOZ
  ̫᭱} quota A Ϊ̡ApGAwAbAtΫOZ豾Jɮ
  tΤB}C

4. ק /etc/fstab

  ٨Sҥ quota  ΰϤ@ݰ_ӹ:

        /dev/hda1       /       ext2    defaults        1       1
        /dev/hda2       /usr    ext2    defaults        1       1

  nbɮרtΤW[J quota  ܡAb]t "defaults" oӦrĥ|
  [W "usrquota" C

        /dev/hda1       /       ext2    defaults            1       1
        /dev/hda2       /usr    ext2    defaults,usrquota   1       1

  pGAݭnb@ɮרtΤs quota 䴩AN "usrquota" אּ
  "grpquota"D

        /dev/hda1       /       ext2    defaults            1       1
        /dev/hda2       /usr    ext2    defaults,grpquota   1       1

  pGnPɤ䴩ϥΪ quota Ps quota 

        /dev/hda1       /       ext2    defaults            1       1
        /dev/hda2       /usr    ext2    defaults,usrquota,grpquota  1   1

5.  إ "quota.user" o quota  O

  o quota  OɡAquota.user A ӥ root ֦AӥB root 
  ŪgvӨLHSC

  H root ñJCiJAQnҥ quota  ΰϪ̤WhAåB
  o˫إ quota.user:

        touch /partition/quota.user
        touch /partition/quota.group
        chmod 600 /partition/quota.user
        chmod 600 /partition/quota.group

6.  sҰ

  {bsҰʨtΥHKAҧ@ܧͮġC

  Pɪ`NHAٷQnҥ quota  䥦ΰϥuݭnBJ 4, 5,
  H 6  C

  b Linux  W]w quota -  ĤG: ϥΪ̤θsիw Quota

  oާ@Oϥ edquota O檺C(ԱѦ man edquota)D

  ڳq`bs quota e|ϥ quotacheck å[WѼ -avug H
  o̷sɮרtΨϥΪpDouO@ӭӤHߺDAëDnBJD


SwϥΪ̫w quota

  o঳ӨҤlDbڪtΤW@ӦWs bob ϥΪ̡Dϥ
  "edquota bob" oӫON|Aai vi ]άObA $EDITOR  
  ܼƤҫws边^HKϥΪ "bob"  sbCӱҥ
  quota  ΰϤW quota :


        Quotas for user bob:
        /dev/hda2: blocks in use: 2594, limits (soft = 5120, hard = 6400)
                inodes in use: 356, limits (soft = 1000, hard = 1500)

  "blocks in use" OϥΪ̦bYӤΰϤWwgϥΪ϶`ơ]Hd
  լ^

  "inodes in use" OϥΪ̦bYӤΰϤWҾ֦ɮ`ơC


Swsիw quota

  {bbڪtΤW@sեs gamesD"edquota -g games" AױNڱaJ
  vi HK games sսs quota :

        Quotas for group games:
        /dev/hda4: blocks in use: 5799, limits (soft = 8000, hard = 10000)
                inodes in use: 1454, limits (soft = 3000, hard = 4000)


@sϥΪ̫wۦP quota 

  FֳtaڨtΤW@sϥΪ̡AҦp@ʦWA]wM bob ۦP
  quota ȡAڭHʽs bob  quota TAM:

        edquota -p bob `awk -F: '$3 > 499 {print $1}' /etc/passwd`

  oO]Aϥ cshAåBAϥΪ UID q 500 }lD

  F edquota  ~A٦TӧAӼߪ䥦MW: nʭA
  wʭAHνwĴC

 nʭ

  @ӻAnʭX quota  ϥΪ̦bΰϤW֦ϺХζq`
  COX֨ϥνwĴɭԡAʧ@NpP@D{ɽuA quota
  ϥΪ̶WVɫKoXLYNH quota  ĵiC

 wʭ

  wʭub]wwĴɤ~|B@CXϺХζqﭭA
  quota ϥΪ̤WVLwʭC

 wĴ

  H "edquota -t" OAwĴO quota  ϥΪ̹nʭ
  eɶCiHϥΪɶOBBpɡBBPBH
  CoOAϥ "edquota -t" ON|쪺:

        Time units may be: days, hours, minutes, or seconds
        Grace period before enforcing soft limits for users:
        /dev/hda2: block grace period: 0 days, file grace period: 0 days

   0 days oӳܧ󬰧AıoXzCڭӤH  7 days
  ]άO 1 week ^C

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䥦 Quota  O

Quotacheck

  Quotacheck  OΨӱyɮרtΪϺХζqAçs "quota.user" 
  quota Oɨ̷sACګĳwbtαҰʮɰ  quotacheck
  ǥ cronjob  Cj@qɶ@]OA@P? ^C

Repquota

  Repquota  ɮרtΤKn quota  TCo̦ repquota ұo
  Xd:

        # repquota -a
                                Block limits               File limits
        User            used    soft    hard  grace    used  soft  hard  grace
        root      --  175419       0       0          14679     0     0
        bin       --   18000       0       0            735     0     0
        uucp      --     729       0       0             23     0     0
        man       --      57       0       0             10     0     0
        user1     --   13046   15360   19200            806  1500  2250
        user2     --    2838    5120    6400            377  1000  1500

Quotaon H Quotaoff

  Quotaon OΨӥ} quota  pF quotaoff hONCڤW
  ̫C̬ObtαҰʻPɰ檺C

References

   1. mailto:asdchen@ms1.hinet.net
   2. mailto:cwhuang@phys.ntu.edu.tw
   3. mailto:bertie@scn.org
   4. mailto:bertie@scn.org
   5. http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0
   6. ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/subsystems/quota/all.tar.gz
   7. ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/subsystems/quota/all.tar.gz
